Ansible-API - 运维

#参考资料：
	https://www.jianshu.com/p/ec1e4d8438e9

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#ansible（2.8 - 2.9 版本）

##模块参数说明
![](/media//202203/2022-03-16174022889399.png)

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#整体流程
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##回调插件

![](/media//202203/2022-03-16174543733720.png)

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##选项

![](/media//202203/2022-03-16174629421891.png)

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##数据解析器、密码和回调插件对象

![](/media//202203/2022-03-16174658871624.png)

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##创建资源库对象

![](/media//202203/2022-03-16174745238979.png)

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##变量管理器

![](/media//202203/2022-03-16174803205494.png)

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##创建一个 Ad-hoc

![](/media//202203/2022-03-16174835024974.png)

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##创建一个 play 对象

![](/media//202203/2022-03-16174917498446.png)

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##任务队列管理器

![](/media//202203/2022-03-16174946100870.png)

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#Ad-Hoc示例：（ansible 2.8-2.9 版本）

![](/media//202203/2022-03-16173934258365.png)

#!/usr/bin/python
    
    import json
    import shutil
    
    import ansible.constants as C
    from ansible.executor.task_queue_manager import TaskQueueManager
    from ansible.module_utils.common.collections import ImmutableDict
    from ansible.inventory.manager import InventoryManager
    from ansible.parsing.dataloader import DataLoader
    from ansible.playbook.play import Play
    from ansible.plugins.callback import CallbackBase
    from ansible.vars.manager import VariableManager
    from ansible import context
    
    
    #创建回调
    class ResultsCollectorJSONCallback(CallbackBase):
    
        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
            super(ResultsCollectorJSONCallback, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
            self.host_ok = {}
            self.host_unreachable = {}
            self.host_failed = {}
    
        def v2_runner_on_unreachable(self, result):
            host = result._host
            self.host_unreachable[host.get_name()] = result
    
        def v2_runner_on_ok(self, result, *args, **kwargs):
            host = result._host
            self.host_ok[host.get_name()] = result
            #print(json.dumps({host.name: result._result}, indent=4))
    
        def v2_runner_on_failed(self, result, *args, **kwargs):
            host = result._host
            self.host_failed[host.get_name()] = result
    
    
    def main():
        host_list = ['172.16.93.190']
        
        #初始化选项参数
        context.CLIARGS = ImmutableDict(connection='smart', module_path=['/to/mymodules', '/usr/share/ansible'], forks=10, become=None,become_method=None, become_user=None, check=False, diff=False, syntax=None,start_at_task=None,verbosity=0)
        
        #动态inventory
        # https://github.com/ansible/ansible/blob/devel/lib/ansible/inventory/manager.py#L204
        #sources = ','.join(host_list)
        #if len(host_list) == 1:
        #    sources += ','
    
        # initialize needed objects
        loader = DataLoader()  # Takes care of finding and reading yaml, json and ini files
        passwords = dict(vault_pass='secret')
    
        #初始化回调实例
        results_callback = ResultsCollectorJSONCallback()
    
        #定义inventory
        inventory = InventoryManager(loader=loader, sources='/etc/ansible/hosts')
    
        #定义变量文件
        variable_manager = VariableManager(loader=loader, inventory=inventory)
    
        #定义执行队列
        tqm = TaskQueueManager(
            inventory=inventory,
            variable_manager=variable_manager,
            loader=loader,
            passwords=passwords,
            stdout_callback=results_callback,  # Use our custom callback instead of the ``default`` callback plugin, which prints to stdout
        )
    
        #构建执行体
        play_source = dict(
            name="Ansible Play",
            hosts=host_list,
            gather_facts='no',
            tasks=[
                #dict(action=dict(module='shell', args='ls'), register='shell_out'),
                dict(action=dict(module='shell', args='df -hT')),
                #dict(action=dict(module='debug', args=dict(msg='{{shell_out.stdout}}'))),
                #dict(action=dict(module='command', args=dict(cmd='/usr/bin/uptime'))),
            ]
        )
    
        play = Play().load(play_source, variable_manager=variable_manager, loader=loader)
    
        #执行
        try:
            result = tqm.run(play)
        finally:
            tqm.cleanup()
            if loader:
                loader.cleanup_all_tmp_files()
    
        # Remove ansible tmpdir
        #shutil.rmtree(C.DEFAULT_LOCAL_TMP, True)
    
        #打印结果
        print("UP ***********")
        for host, result in results_callback.host_ok.items():
            print('{0} >>> {1}'.format(host, result._result['stdout'].encode("utf8")))
    
        print("FAILED *******")
        for host, result in results_callback.host_failed.items():
            print('{0} >>> {1}'.format(host, result._result['msg']))
    
        print("DOWN *********")
        for host, result in results_callback.host_unreachable.items():
            print('{0} >>> {1}'.format(host, result._result['msg']))
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()

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#PlayBook示例：（ansible 2.8-2.9 版本）

![](/media//202203/2022-03-16175121906757.png)

#执行
        result = playbook.run()

# Remove ansible tmpdir
        #shutil.rmtree(C.DEFAULT_LOCAL_TMP, True)
    
        #打印结果
        print("UP ***********")
        for host, result in results_callback.host_ok.items():
            print('{0} >>> {1}'.format(host, result._result['stdout'].encode("utf8")))
    
        print("FAILED *******")
        for host, result in results_callback.host_failed.items():
            print('{0} >>> {1}'.format(host, result._result['msg']))
    
        print("DOWN *********")
        for host, result in results_callback.host_unreachable.items():
            print('{0} >>> {1}'.format(host, result._result['msg']))
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()